In order to avoid worst case scenarios, oil and gas refineries must design their systems with disaster in mind. Given the volatile substances they deal with, fire safety is a paramount concern. If an oil line has no means of effectively cutting off or containing oil flow in the event of a fire, situations which are already dangerous can become fatal.

The aerospace industry leaves no margin for error, demanding materials that can withstand high altitudes, high speeds, and extreme temperatures upwards of 1,000 degrees to meet the strict safety requirements of the industry.

Porosity in carbon graphite and graphite materials is inevitable. Despite today's technology and careful production techniques, porosity is a product of the manufacturing process. The binders that are used in the production of carbon graphite and graphite carbonize during the baking operation, outgassing hydrogen and other gasses. These gasses create a network of interconnected porosity as they tunnel their way to the surface.

The Food & Drug Administration (FDA) protects public health by ensuring that companies that manufacture, distribute or import our food supply, medications, medical devices, radiation-emitting equipment, cosmetics, and animal products meet their strict requirements.